Key Terms.
The Dependency Ratio: the relationship between the working or economically active population and the non-working population. The formula for calculating the formula is as follows:
DR= % population aged 0-14 + % population aged 65 and over x100
% population 15-64
Young/ youth Dependency Ratio: the ratio of people aged 0-14 to those aged 15-64 years of age.
Young Dependency Ratio = % pop. aged 0-14 x100
% pop. 15-64
Elderly Dependency Ratio: the ratio of those aged 65 and over to those aged 15-64 years old.
Elderly Dependency Ratio = % pop. 65 and over x100
% pop. 15-64
Ageing Ratio: the % of people 65 years and over to the total pop.
Ageing Population: A rise in the median age of a population which occurs when fertility declines and life expectancy increases.
Pro-Natalist Policy: A population policy which uses incentives to encourage the population to have more children.
Anti-Natalist Policy: A population policy designed to limit fertility through the use of incentives and deterrents.
The Dependency Ratio: the relationship between the working or economically active population and the non-working population. The formula for calculating the formula is as follows:
DR= % population aged 0-14 + % population aged 65 and over x100
% population 15-64
Young/ youth Dependency Ratio: the ratio of people aged 0-14 to those aged 15-64 years of age.
Young Dependency Ratio = % pop. aged 0-14 x100
% pop. 15-64
Elderly Dependency Ratio: the ratio of those aged 65 and over to those aged 15-64 years old.
Elderly Dependency Ratio = % pop. 65 and over x100
% pop. 15-64
Ageing Ratio: the % of people 65 years and over to the total pop.
Ageing Population: A rise in the median age of a population which occurs when fertility declines and life expectancy increases.
Pro-Natalist Policy: A population policy which uses incentives to encourage the population to have more children.
Anti-Natalist Policy: A population policy designed to limit fertility through the use of incentives and deterrents.
1. Dependency ratios.
![Picture](/uploads/9/8/4/6/98460802/published/screen-shot-2017-01-14-at-20-27-15_1.png?1485683525)
The dependency ratio of a country can be focussed on both ageing and youthful dependents. A dependency ratio of 55 means that for every 100 people who are working (economically active), there are 55 people (either young or old) who are dependent on them. In HIC's, this is usually somewhere between 50 and 75. However, in LIC's, the ratio will often be over 100. However, the dependents will vary based on development. IN LIC's, the dependents are often the youthful end of the population whereas in HIC's, this is normally the older dependents.
The ratio is important because the economically active population contributes more in terms of taxes on income. The dependent proportion of the population are the bigger recipients of of government funding, particularly education, health care and pensions. If the dependency ratio increases at either end of the age spectrum, this places more burden on the economically active.
Youthful population
Limitations of the DR.
The ratio is important because the economically active population contributes more in terms of taxes on income. The dependent proportion of the population are the bigger recipients of of government funding, particularly education, health care and pensions. If the dependency ratio increases at either end of the age spectrum, this places more burden on the economically active.
Youthful population
Limitations of the DR.
- It is age specific- in HIC's many young people stay in education until they are at least 18, and many do not get jobs before the age of 21, similarly many people do not retire at 65.
- A significant number of people who are in the economically active proportion of the population do not work. This is for many reasons including being a stay at home parent.
- In LIC's many children work from a young age and there is often very high unemployment or under employment in the economically active age band.
![Picture](/uploads/9/8/4/6/98460802/published/img-4218.jpeg?1486216305)
Skills check:
1. Calculate the Dependency Ratio's (overall, youthful and ageing) of the countries in the table.
2. Describe the trends shown in the table.
3. Using examples, explain why some countries have a higher dependency ratio than others.
4. Explain how the limitations of the DR may have an effect when considering the countries examined in the table.
1. Calculate the Dependency Ratio's (overall, youthful and ageing) of the countries in the table.
2. Describe the trends shown in the table.
3. Using examples, explain why some countries have a higher dependency ratio than others.
4. Explain how the limitations of the DR may have an effect when considering the countries examined in the table.